YouTube thumbnails are meant to be in 16:9 aspect ratio, which is the same as most widescreen videos.
If your thumbnail is a different size, like a square (1:1) or even a close-up from a 4:3 video, YouTube will add black bars to fit it into the 16:9 space.
2. JPEG Compression
YouTube’s compression can sometimes cause black bars to appear when uploading JPEG thumbnails.
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